Mount Apo, standing proudly at 3,143.6 meters above sea level, is the highest peak in the Philippines. Straddling the provinces of Davao del Sur and North Cotabato in Mindanao, this towering stratovolcano is not only a geographical landmark but also a vital ecological and cultural treasure. The name “Apo” translates to “grandchild” in local dialects, symbolizing reverence among indigenous communities.

Geological and Ecological Significance

Declared a national park in 1936, Mount Apo National Park spans over 64,000 hectares of protected land. Its summit is flat-topped and features three prominent peaks, crowned by a 500-meter-wide volcanic crater with a small crater lake. Though classified as a potentially active volcano, no confirmed historical eruptions have been recorded to date.

Mount Apo is also a key source of geothermal energy, with two geothermal power plants contributing to the energy grid in Mindanao. Its rich volcanic soil and diverse topography make it one of the most ecologically diverse mountains in Southeast Asia.

Flora: Botanical Diversity at Its Finest

The mountain supports at least five forest ecosystems: lowland, low montane, high montane, mossy, and summit scrub forest. Between elevations of 300 to 1,000 meters, over 800 plant species have been identified. Rare hardwood trees like lauan and the endangered almaciga thrive on its slopes.

Mount Apo is also famous for hosting the rare and beautiful waling-waling orchid—often referred to as the “Queen of Philippine Flowers.” Hikers also pass by Lake Venado, a picturesque high-altitude lake located near the summit.

Fauna: A Haven for Endemic Wildlife

Mount Apo is home to a stunning array of wildlife, including:

• 227 species of vertebrates, including amphibians, reptiles, and mammals
• 272 species of birds, of which 111 are endemic
• 118 species of butterflies recorded within the park

The mountain is one of the last strongholds of the endangered Philippine Eagle (also known as the Monkey-eating Eagle or banog), one of the world’s largest and most powerful birds of prey. Another threatened bird species found here is the Philippine cockatoo or abukay.

Trekking and Mountaineering

Despite its height, Mount Apo is considered one of the more accessible climbs among the region’s major summits. Several routes are available, with the most popular starting points in Davao City, Kidapawan, and Bansalan.

The first recorded ascent of Mount Apo occurred on October 10, 1880, led by Don Joaquin Rajal, the then-governor of Davao. Today, climbing the mountain remains a bucket-list experience for outdoor adventurers, drawing hikers from around the world.

Why Visit Mount Apo?

Mount Apo is more than just a mountain—it’s a living sanctuary of biodiversity and a cultural icon. Whether you’re a nature lover, trekking enthusiast, or simply seeking an escape to a place of grandeur and tranquility, Mount Apo delivers an unforgettable experience.